Everything about Rikissa Birgersdotter totally explained
Rikissa Birgersdotter of Sweden, also known as
Rixa,
Richeza,
Richilda and
Regitze, (b. c.
1237-d. after 1288), was a
Queen of Norway, wife of the co-king
Haakon Haakonson, and then
Princess of
Werle, as wife of
Henry of Mecklenburg, Prince of Werle.
Biography
Rikissa Birgersdotter was born as one of the eldest children in the marriage of lord
Birger Magnusson of Bjelbo, later
riksjarl and regent of Sweden, and Princess
Ingeborg Eriksdotter of Sweden, eldest sibbling of king
Eric XI of Sweden.
Rikissa's parentage is historically well attested, contrary to that of her supposed younger sisters. Rikissa received her name in honor of her maternal grandmother, the late
Rikissa of Denmark,
queen of Sweden - the Scandinavian custom was to give names of deceased grandmothers to daughters of a family, and a first-born daughter was usually christened as namesake of maternal grandmother, if she was no longer alive.
In 1250, her uncle, king Eric, died without heirs and her brother, the underaged
Valdemar I of Sweden became king through his mother, and her father jarl Birger became regent of Sweden. Jarl Birger's policy included efforts to keep the peace between Scandinavia's three kingdoms.
In 1251, Rikissa was married was married to the heir of Norway,
Haakon Haakonson (1232-1257), titular king of Norway and co-ruler along his father king
Haakon IV of Norway. Haakon and Rikissa had one son, Sverre, who died young (1252-1261). King Haakon died within half a decade before his father, leaving his younger brother, the future
Magnus VI of Norway as Norway's heir.
In 1262, the Dowager Queen of Norway was married to
Henry of Mecklenburg, Prince of Werle, (d.1291). She had several children in her second marriage.
Speculations
Chronica principum Saxonie mentions Rikissa as Daughter of King of Sweden (
filia regis Suecie), which title has caused consternation among later researchers. This has been explained by suggesting that:
- during king Valdemar's minority, the all-powerful regent looked like a king to the writer of that chronicle
- Rikissa was the granddaughter of aking Eric X of Sweden
- upon Valdemar's accession to the royal throne, their mother Ingeborg, through whose lineage the crown was generally perceived to have come, was regarded as Queen Mother, despite never having been queen regnant or queen consort.
- the term in the chronicle just refers to "Royal Family of Sweden".
Further Information
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